What is Bios
One of the most common uses of Flash memory is for the Basic input/output system of your computer, commonly
known as the BIOS. On virtually every computer available, the BIOS makes sure all the other chips, hard drives,
ports and CPU function together.
Every desktop and laptop computer in common use today contains a microprocessor as its central processing unit.
The microprocessor is the hardware component. To get its work done, the microprocessor executes a set of instructions
known as software. Two different types of software:
* The operating system - The operating system provides a set of services for the applications running on your
computer, and it also provides the fundamental user interface for your computer.
* The applications - Applications are pieces of software that are programmed to perform specific tasks
* The BIOS are the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.
What does BIOS perform?
The BIOS software has a number of different roles, but it’s most important role is to load the operating system.
When you turn on your computer and the microprocessor tries to execute its first instruction, it has to get that
instruction from somewhere. It cannot get it from the operating system because the operating system is located on
a hard disk, and the microprocessor cannot get to it without some instructions that tell it how. The BIOS provides
those instructions.
Some of the other common tasks that the BIOS perform include:
* A power-on self-test (POST) for all of the different hardware components in the system to make sure
everything is working properly
* Activating other BIOS chips on different cards installed in the computer - For example, SCSI and graphics
cards often have their own BIOS chips.
* Providing a set of low-level routines that the operating system uses to interface to different hardware
devices - It is these routines that give the BIOS its name. They manage things like the keyboard, the screen,
and the serial and parallel ports, especially when the computer is booting.
* Managing a collection of settings for the hard disks, clock, etc.
* The BIOS is special software that interfaces the major hardware components of your computer with the operating
system. It is usually stored on a Flash memory chip on the motherboard, but sometimes the chip is another
type of ROM.
When you turn on your computer, the BIOS perform many things in the following sequence:
1. Check the CMOS Setup for custom settings
2. Load the interrupt handlers and device drivers
3. Initialize registers and power management
4. Perform the power-on self-test (POST)
5. Display system settings
6. Determine which devices are bootable
7. Initiate the bootstrap sequence
We know that each computer device is prone to some kind of repair. BIOS are not an exception. Computer
repair services also include BIOS maintenance services. BIOS when maintained by regular usage of some of
the computer repair services results in enhanced computer performance.
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